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| A PRIVATE LIFE TEACHER FIGUI ANALYSIS | 3 days ago · rmt.edu.pk 11 hours ago · Changes to the infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccine schedule 4. Summary. The UK pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) immunisation programme has successfully achieved high levels of population (herd) protection for all age groups. Currently, circulation of the 13 pneumococcal serotypes contained in the vaccine, and. 3 days ago · To identify the most cost-efficient combination of pneumococcal vaccines in infants and aging adults for a year period in Brazil. |
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Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Essays Video
Adult Vaccines and Immunization Update, 2019-2020Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Essays - the
Published27 Apr Abstract As a country with the high number of deaths due to pneumococcal disease, Indonesia has not yet included pneumococcal vaccination into the routine program. This study aimed to analyse the cost-effectiveness and the budget impact of pneumococcal vaccination in Indonesia by developing an age-structured cohort model. To estimate the cost-effectiveness value, a 5-year time horizon was applied by extrapolating the outcome of the individual in the modelled cohort until 5 years of age with a 1-month analytical cycle. In a comparison with no vaccination, the results showed that vaccination would reduce pneumococcal disease by 1,, and 2,, cases when using PCV10 and PCV13, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that vaccine efficacy, mortality rate, and vaccine price were the most influential parameters affecting the ICER. In conclusion, pneumococcal vaccination would be a highly cost-effective intervention to be implemented in Indonesia. Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage is more prevalent in children than in adults, with the increasing trend in colonization rate observed from birth until the age of 1—2 years [ 3 , 4 ]. In particular, the management complexity of invasive and noninvasive PD is associated with a relatively high clinical and economic burden due to PD from the healthcare, societal, and payer perspectives [ 5 — 7 ]. Several studies reported that vaccination was the most cost-effective intervention in reducing the incidence rate of PD [ 8 ]. Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Essays
Abstract Background The effectiveness of the valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia has been controversial. Results There were vaccinated patients, of which were diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia.
Essaays The adjusted odds ratio was 0. Conclusion This real-world study suggests that PPSV23 can be useful in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly with chronic respiratory diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at Keywords: Chronic respiratory disease, Elderly, Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, Pneumococcus, Pneumonia, Vaccine Background Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal diseases IPDswhich result in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Essays 12 ]. The effectiveness of the PPSV23 in preventing IPD has been reported, its effectiveness in preventing pneumococcal pneumoniae has been inconsistent [ 5 — 7 ].
Some researchers have targeted both healthy individuals and patients with various diseases at nursing home residences [ 68 ]. We hypothesized that the PPSV23 would be useful in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in elderly outpatients with chronic respiratory diseases.
What is pneumococcal disease?
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the PPSV23 among elderly outpatients in clinical practice. Methods Study design and population This study was a retrospective case—control design. From poltsaccharide sample, the case and control groups consisted of patients with and without pneumococcal pneumonia, respectively. Patients who had been vaccinated with PCV13 Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine Essays excluded. In this study, all patients with pneumonia met these criteria. Pneumococcal pneumonia was diagnosed based on the positive results of urine pneumococcal antigen and sputum culture, but a negative blood culture for pneumococcus. Definitions The chronic respiratory diseases in this study included lung cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPDinterstitial pneumonia, pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis NTMpulmonary tuberculosis, and others.
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The history of PPSV23 vaccination was obtained from medical records and declarations by patients or their families. Patients were considered vaccinated when they had received the PPSV23 within five years prior to the diagnosis of pneumonia.
Patients without medical records or whose families had no knowledge of their vaccination statuses were considered unvaccinated. Statistical analysis The chi-squared tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables were used in comparing both groups.
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The adjusted OR was estimated by the quantile stratification method of propensity scores. As a sensitivity analysis, we estimated double-robust adjusted OR in case—control studies under causal inference [ 9 ], and we confirmed whether the point estimation of OR, as mentioned above, was overestimating the polysacvharide. Table 1 Characteristics of patients with and without pneumococcal pneumonia Variable and category reference.]
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